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Research directors: E. Crubézy, S. Duchesne, D. Paya, B. Ludes.
Population settlement in southwest and western France is an important research area of the laboratory. Programs are developed through the study of neolithic-medieval-modern skeletal series, from INRAP excavations, programmed excavations and the Museum of Toulouse. Important programs on medieval populations over the last ten years have produced four monographs, including a study on the world of the dead (funeral practices and burial spaces), a reconstruction of the world of the living (with a major study on paleopathology) and a study of the evolution of populations, notably from a paleogenetics perspective (see map).
All research is in collaboration with archaeologists and historians. The monographs summarise research on an rural area (Vilarnaud, near Perpignan), an urban area (Saint Come et Damien à Montpellier) and an aristocratic area (Counts of Toulouse).
Regarding settlement history, it appears that the plague was an important selective factor. Today, for example, in Montpellier (Saint Come et Damien) and Vilarnaud around 20-25% of the maternal lineages (mitochondrial DNA) have disappeared or are extremely rare, in agreement with the results from our English colleagues. Currently, in addition to archaeological excavations, our laboratory is involved in specialised studies of the daily lives of these populations, through researching dental state, trauma and infectious diseases that have played selective roles (paleogenetics).
Within the Neolithic context, the Grande Causse populations have been the objects of several excavations and syntheses, the last one focusing on Chalcolithic. Our laboratory is currently involved in the study of the Eponyme series from Treilles, for which paleogenetic study is ongoing.
Bibliographie
E. CRUBEZY, S. DUCHESNE, C . ARLAUD (dir.) ; 2006. La mort, les morts et la ville (Montpellier –Xe-XVIe siècles). Edts Errance 448 p.
E. CRUBEZY, J. POUJOL, B. LUDES (dir.) ; 2004.Pratiques et Espaces Funéraires, les Grands Causses au Chalcolithique. Monographie d’Archéologie Méditerranéenne. N°17, Lattes. 162 p.
E. CRUBEZY, L. CAUSSE, J. DELMAS ET B. LUDES (dir.) ; 1998. Le paysan médiéval en Rouergue. Étude du cimetière et de la population de Canac (Aveyron). Edts du Rouergue (Acte Sud) 242 p.
E. CRUBEZY et Ch. DIEULAFAIT (dir) ; 1996. Le Comte de l’An Mil. Aquitania, supplément 8. 208 p.
E.CRUBEZY, Ch. DIEULAFAIT ,D. CARDON, H. DEBAX, M. DE FRAMONT, B. LUDES, P. MURAIL, D. ROUGE ; 1996. Le Comte de l’An Mil. Musée des Augustins. Ouvrage Grand Public conçu avec des muséographes pour présenter à un public plus large et sans les démonstrations, les résultats du précédent. 62 p.
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